Shop tool



Feb. 24,` 1925. Y 1,527,385

J. J. ANTHONY SHOP TOOL l 1 Filed Aug. 30, 1920 2 Sheets-Sheet Feb. 24. 1925. y 1,527,385

' J. J. ANTHONY SHOP TOOL Filed Aug. 30l 1920 l 2 Sheets-$heet 2 Cil Patented Feb. 24, 1925.

SUN ITED 'S TA TES Jox-1N i MY ANTHONY, or Moscow, Inni-Io.

ApplicationledfAugust30, 1920. Serial No. 407,035.

To @ZZ 't0/tom t may concern:

Be it known that I. JOHN JAY ANTHONY, i

a citizen oit the UnitedStates, and residing atlVIoscow,in the county ot Latah and State ot ldaho,have invented a new antlmsetul Improvement .in Shop Tools, 4ot which the following is a. complete specliication.

My invention pertains to that `'class of tools known as vises,.particnlarly tothatvariety called rapidaction, rand wherein a slldable ijaw provided with a rotatable, handled drawbar bearing Aa vcam-operated ratchet-` nut has sliding engagementwitha stationary `jaw provided with a -co-ordinatrng ratchet-bar.

My object is to provide an entremely` snnple, light, quick acting and etiicle-nt vise, and one that will not clog withchi-psfor ot-her trash, nor readily get out of order, Vandone that may be cheaply made of fabricated metal stampings and forging-s, andnmarketed at a minimum of cost to the` purchaser.

`lEilow I attain my object will be readily understood from apernsal of the 'following description, and by study oi the accompanying drawings, which Vare to 'forinfa part ot this specitication, and in which like reference ilnmerals indicate corresponding.parts 'in the several views.

Init-,hose drawingsiFig. l represents `'iny invention as inplace" on -an ordinary bench- Ifilanlnandf inneutral position or ont ot engagement, the jaws being partially opened. Fig. .Q is a side viewy when in engagement, and uFig. 3 a longitudinal, -vertical section thrtmgh the center. Figs is a vfront eleva- "tion, and Fig. 5 the same whenvhandle is ren'roved. Fig. 6 .is a rear view when tailspring is removed, and *F ig. 7 aA vertical transverse section through t-he center. Fig. 8 yis a side 'iew ot the drawbar and'its accessories, and showing a modified torni oi handle. 'Fig'. 9 is a side View tot a modified form in which the drawbar-andihandle are in one piece, and the gripping action secured through a worm on the draw'bar` and within the ratchet nut, instead of through cam on lmndle, and wherein, also, the drawbar housing .is ot a modified torni ot cross-section, and has sliding engagement with a pair 'ot parallel ways secured to the stationary jaw, instead 'ottelescoping within a `housing so secured; whilst Fig. 10 is asimilar view of such modified form ot *drawbar and accessories, a portion at the rear being cut away therethrough so as to showV a longitudinal section. Fig. ll is a viewtrom above of the stationary jaw, showing it as tapered at the rear for the sake ot lightness. F ig. l2 isa vertical cross-section through the modiiied torni shown in Fig. 9; F ig. 1 3, a similar seetion through `another modiied form, in

- which the drawbar housing is of triangular cross-section and slidable between a pair ot parallel ways of modified form secured to the stationary jaw; whilst Fig. la is a similar section through another modified form, and wherein the drawbar, instead of being enclosed in a tubular housing of the slidable jaw, is carried between apair of parallel hars or tribes in sliding engagement within a corresponding parallel pair 'ot tubes or housings secured to the stationaryljaw, a similar `housing- 7; being employed between them for carrying the-ratchet nut on the drawbar and allocating it. Fig. is a plan view ot a moditication of the ratchet-bar, showing it provided with perforated ears 'tor riveting to the stationary jaw, or for securing by screws tothebench-plank. Fig. 1G is an end view oft theengagement cam, whilst Fig. 17 and-FiglS represent modiiied t'orms of tail-spriiigs.

In greater detail, my invention comprises two main members, a stationary member hereinbe'fore .and hereinafter styled stat'ionf ary jaw) and "a sl-idable member (hereinbe tore and hereinafter styled slidable jaw), in telescopic: or sliding engagement` the one with the other. `The stationary jaw vconiA prises a tlat body portion l,pertorated '.tor tasteninglto a bench-plank by screws or bolts; an upright portion 2, the jaw. proper, formed on the front end ot the body portion; a tubular runway or housing 3 depend ingtromthe body portion.'` anda ratchet member t (hereinbetore `and hereinafter styled ratehetd'iar) within the housing and secured to the body portion or to the `bench pla-nk to which the bodyportion is secured.

The body portionl and the ruprightv portion 2 are preferably termed of one sheet oi fabricated metal, the depending housing S being formed oit another sheets-ndsecured to the body-portion by riveting or welding, or it may be secured to the bench plank 'by bolts or screws, or a combination of methods may bensed. Or the three parts may he fabricated in one piece from the same sheet, or cast integral. yThe ratchet-bar is parallel with the bot yportion and the honsinr. which are to be'perpendicular to the upright han,

portion. lit may be of various forms, but its under surface shall be transversely serrated, either by milling` or forging, so as to form downwardly projecting parallel teeth 5, n'eferably slightly under-cut for purposes of readier engagement with the ratchet-nut, and with edges practically sharp for the same purpose.

rihe slidable jaw comprises a tubular body portion 6; an upright portion 7, the jaw proper, formed on the front end thereof and perpendicular thereto; a cam 8 on the front face of the jaw at the lower part thereof, a hole il through the jaw and communicating with the chamber in the body portion. The body portion is preferably fabricated from drawn tubing, or from metal stampings, and the jaw cast thereon; but the two may be cast in one piece. lt may be of various forms of cross-section, preferably that shown in Fig. 7, though I am using that shown in Fig. 12, and may be either closed or partially open on the under side. The pper side is of curved contour or sloping to either side from a longitudinally central line, so that chips or shavings may not readily lodge thereon and interfere with the action by clogging. nstead of the tubular body portion, however, may be substituted a pair of parallel lbars or tubes, as sho vn in Fig. 14, the drawbar being eX- posed and carried between them, in which case the ratchet nut will be carried in the stationary housing and a pair of similar housings be provided, one on either side thereof, for engaging with the substituted bars or tubes.

lVithin theA tubular body portion 6 and extending longitudinally therethrough and through the hole 9 is a rotatable drawbar 1() provided at its front end with a handle 11 having a cam 12 on the inner face thereof for engaging with the corresponding cam 8, and at its rear end bearing loosely mounted thereon a ratchet nut 13 having its upper face serrated to correspond and engage with the` under face of the ratchet-bar of the stationary jaw, and an engagement cam 14 securely faste-ned at the rear of the ratchetnut. The serrations 15 of the ratchet-nut are in all respects similar to those of the ratchet-bar.

rilhe pitch of the cams must be very coarse, preferably not less than three or four times that of the teeth of the ratchet members, in order that early engagement may be secured and the work made fast before the accomplishment of a full turn of the handle and drawbar.

I prefer to make the cams of spiral conteur, as shown in Fig. 5. rfhe handle may be of any suitable form and construction, and secured to the drawbar in any approved manner; or it may be forged or cast integral therewith, as shown in Fig. 9 and Fig. 10, or it may be slidable in a hole through the head thereof, as shown in Fig 8.

The upper part of the rear end of the tubular body (drawbar housing) 6 is cut away for a short distance, as shown at 1G in Fig. 9 and Fig. 3, or has a slot cut therein for the upward egress of the rachet nut, and to permit a certain amount of end play for the same when the grip is tightened, the amount of such end play necessary being the takeup or draw of the spiral cams; but it may not be much greater, lest it annoy the operator. As small a portion as practicable is cut away, the remainder being turned up to a vertical position at either side of the ratchet nut, shown at 18 in Fig. 2 and Fig. G, so as to forni a comparatively close fitting housing therefor, to keep it from tipping when the drawbar is rotated, and so prevent it from jamming with the ratchet bar above.

The engagement cam 14C is a circular disc with a portion of its lower edge cut away to form a flattened portion which, when the vise is in neutral position, rests on the floor of the drawbar housing', or on a rearwardly extending portion thereof forming a cam rest 19, which cam rest may be integral with said housing floor or a separate part secured thereto for the purpose.

For the sake of smoother action in engagement, and to secure an elastic. or cushioning grip, a spring washer 2O is mounted on the drawbar between the ratchet-nut and engagement cam, which arrangement provides for easier engagement of the nut when in certain position, and causes that the jaws shall work loose from the work less easily.

Also, to keep the ratchet-nut back against said washer and prevent it from being suddenly drawn forward against the drawbar housing, to the annoyance of the operator, an encircling spiral spring Q1 is mounted on the drawbar in front ofsaid nut, and in contact therewith, and held in place by a collar i9 bearing against a suitable stop 25 secured to the drawlnir housing, preterably to the Hoor thereof, as shown in Fig. 3.

The collar 22 may, however, be omitted, as also the stop 25, and a longer spring be used bearing against the slidable jaw, the stop and collar serving but to econoinize in the use of spring.

Also, to aid in releasing the engagement, and to prevent the ratchet-nut from jumping up into engagement when the handle is precipitately drawn forward, and so interfering with the opening of the vise, a tail spring Q8 is provided connecting the rear end of the drawbar with the rear end of the cam rest. But such tail spring is not essential, since with a little practice, the operator will have no difficulty in the matter of such interference.

llt)

upright portion, and open at both ends, and containing a ratchet-bar having transverse serrations across its under surface and perforated projections or ears along its sides for securing to the body portion or to the bench t-o which the body portion is secured; and a movable member comprising a tubular body portion or casing having sliding engagement with the stationary member and telescoping within the depending` tubular portion thereof, and open at the rear end, and provided at the front end with an upright portion or jaw parallel with the jaw of the stationary member, a spiral faced Y projection on the front face of said jaw at the lower central part thereof and centrally pierced by a hole communicating with the chamber within the tubular body portion, a rotatable draw-bar within said chamber' and extending longitudinally therethrough and furnished at its front end with an operating handle having a spiral-faced projection on the inner face of its hub in registering contact with the like projection on the jaw and loosely mounting at its rear end an engagement nut having parallel seri-ations across its upper face, a cam of circular contour secured to said draw-bar to the rear of said nut and resting upon the rear end of the bottom of the tubular body, aI flattened portion at bottom of said cam, for resting on the Hoor of said tubular body, and means for maintaning the several parts in place, as shown and described.

3. In a bench-vise, the combination of a stationary member comprising a fiat body portion, a jaw formed on the front end thereof and perpendicular thereto, and a tubular casing parallel with said body portion, open at the ends and depending therefrom and secured thereto and containing a serrated ratchet bar; and a movable member in sliding engagement with said stationary member and comprising a tubular body portion or draw-bar housing telescoping within said tubular housing of the stationary member and open at its rear end and provided at its front end with an upright jaw having on its lower front face at the central part thereof, a sloping or wedge-shaped projection and there being a hole therethrough communicating with the chamber within said draw-bar housing, a rotatable drawbar within said draw-bar housing and extending therethrough and through said hole, and furnished at its front end with a. handle having a wedge-shaped or sloping projection on the inner face of its hub in registering contact with the similar projection of the jaw and at its rear end a loosely mounted serrated engagement nut, and a securely fastened cam to the rear of said nut, and a spring washer between said cam and said nut, for the purposes explained.

t. In combination in a vise, a stationary member comprising a horizontal body portion with a jaw formed thereon, a pair of parallel tracks or ways on the under side thereof and secured thereto, or integral therewith, and a serrated ratchet-bar between said ways; and a slidable member in engagement therewith between said ways and comprising `a tubular body, open at the rear end and furnished at its front end with an upright jaw, a rotatable draw-bar within said tubular body, furnished at its front end with a handle and bearing at its rear end a serrated ratchet-nut and a cam to the rear of said nut for its operation, a sloping pio jection on the lower part of the front face of said jaw, and a similar projection on the contiguous face of said handle for coordinate action therewith.

5. In a vise and for use with a suitable stationary member thereof, a slidable member comprising a tubular body, open at the rear, a jaw on the front end of said tubular body, there being a hole through said jaw in communication with the interior of said tubular body, a rotatable draw-bar through said hole and said interior, a handle on the front end of said draw-bar, cam action between said handle and said jaw, a serrated ratchet-piece loosely mounted on said drawbar near the rear end thereof, and a cam secured thereto at the rear of said ratchetpiece, an opening in the upper part or root of said tubular body for the upward egress of said ratchet-piece, substantially as shown and described.

6. In a vise and for operation in the movable jaw or member thereof, a rotatable draw-bar through said jaw and having a handle on its front end, cam action between said handle and said jaw, a serrated ratchet member, loosely mounted on said draw-bar at its rear end, a cam secured to said drawbar at the rear of said ratchet member, a spring washer between said cam and said ratchet member, and a spring between said ratchet member and said jaw.

JOHN JAY ANTHONY. 

